mkg-Strategy - 01 - Şirket stratejisi oluşturmak için çalışmalar - ilk yazdığım tarih: 25-09-2002

 

Aşama 1: Şirket Genel Stratejisinin Oluşturulmasi

                                                                                                                                                                                        

A/ Calisma Dalinin belirlenmesi                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Çalışma Dallari neler olacak: Ihtiyac / Pazar carprazlamasi olarak belirlenmeli                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                                                                        

1/ Matris olusturmaya yarayan parcalar ve analizleri                                                                                                                                                       

                                                                                                                                                                                        

11/ Ornek: Çalışma Dalınin belirlenmesi icin hazirlanmis matris                                                                                                                                                                                                          

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Urun icerigi tamamiyle ayni, ancak farkli ihtiyaclara cevap verecek sekilde bolunmus, buna gore farkli musteri kisimlari hedefleniyor                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                        

 

Musteriler

Aile

Kadin

Erkek

Ihtiyaclar

 

Ev temizligi

Camasir temizligi

X

 

 

 

Bulasik temizligi

X

 

 

 

Banyo mutfak temizligi

X

 

 

Vucut temizligi

Vucut genel temizligi

X

 

 

 

Dis ve agiz temizligi

X

 

 

 

Sac temizligi

X

X

 

 

Sakal trasi

 

 

X

 

Deodorant

 

X

X

 

parfum

 

X

 

 

Guzellik malzemeleri

 

X

X

                                                                                                                                                                                       

Çalışma Dallarinin bolunmeye tabi tutulduktan sonra her bir Çalışma Dalına atfedilecek guc sarfiyati belirlenir                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

Sirketin bunlari kaldiracak yapiya sahip olup olmadigi belirlenerek secim yapilir                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                       

Ugrasilar

Ne kadar finansal guc ayrilmasi gerekiyor

Ne kadar madde ve malzeme olarak guc ayrilmasi gerekiyor

Ne kadar isgucu olarak guc ayrilmasi gerekiyor

Reklam

Ar Ge

Dagitim

Malzeme

Packaging

Satici- Merchandiser

Uretim isci

Camasir temizligi

+++

0

++

+

+

++

+

Bulasik temizligi

+++

0

++

+

++

++

+

Aile Sac temizligi

++

0

+

+

+++

+

+

Kadin Sac temizligi

++

0

+

+

+++

+

+

Kadin deodorant

++

+

+

+

+++

++

+

Erkek deodorant

++

+

+

+

+++

++

+

 


                                                                                                                                                                                      

12/ Sirketin Bugunku ve gelecek Çalışma Dallarinin degerlendirilmesi                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

                                                                                                                                                                                      

121/ Karar icin birinci bilgi: Sirketin amaci esas alinarak karar verme                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

                                                                                                                                                                                      

Sirket amaci

Verim (Rentabilite)

Evet

Guc (Puissance)

Orta

Guven duygusu (securite)

Evet

Degisik (Diversification)

Evet

Uluslararasi genisleme

Hayir

                                                                                                                                                                                        

122/ Sirket nezdindeki gelismeye yardimci finansal, teknolojik ve istihdam imkanlari                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Finansal imkanlar

Her bolum icin ayri olarak rapor hazirlanmasi gerekiyor

Teknolojik imkanlar

Istihdam imkanlari

                                                                                                                                                                                        

123/ Çalışma Dallarinin cekiciligi                                                                                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Potensiyel Getirisi

Satis hasilati potansiyeli

                                                                                                                                                                                        

1231/ Genel Pazarin cekiciligi                                                                                                                                                               

                                                                Satis hasilati                  Kar                                                                                                                   

Pazarin bugunku buyuklugu

toplam satis hasilati

Pazarin buyume hizi

Toplam satislarin gecen senelere gore karsilastirilmasi

Bugunku fiyatlar

En dusuk\ en yuksek

Gelecekteki fiyatlar

En dusuk\ en yuksek

Bugunku Kar paylari

En dusuk\ en yuksek

Gelecekteki Kar paylari

En dusuk\ en yuksek

                                                                                                                                                                                        

1232/ Sirketin simdiki ve gelecekteki rekabet gucu                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Sirketin Pazar payi

Rekabet gucu

Teknoloji kullanma

Endustriyel bilgi

Uretim maliyeti

Finansal birikim

Potansiyel musteri icin taninmislik derecesi

Potansiyel musteri gozunde sirketin imaji

Dagitim agi

Saticilar

 


                                                                                                                                                                                        

1233/ Ornek 1: Yiyecek fabrikasi urunlerinin analizi                                                                                                                                                   

                                                                                                                                                                                        

 

Ugrasi bolgeleri

Makarna

Makarna Soslari

Hazir Yemekler

Kedi kopek yiyecegi

Degerlendirme olcusu

 

Pazarin bugunku buyuklugu

+

=

=

=

Pazarin gelisme ongorusu

=

+

+

-

Kar paylarinin gelisme ongorusu

-

+

+

-

Pazarin cekiciligi

-

+

+

-

Sirketin simdiki Pazar payi

-

-

=

+

Sirketin elindeki potansiyel kozlar

-

=

+

+

Sirketin rekabet gucu

+

-

+

+

Genel Degerlendirme

-

+ / -

+

+ / -

Ek degerlendirmeler

Urun hayat cizgisindeki yeri

Pazara giris

Gelisim

olgunluk

Dusus

Finansal karar

Cok yatirim

cok yatirim

az yatirim

Yatirimlar geri cekilmeli

Hayat cizgisi uzerinde karar

 

 

 

Pazara giris tekrar denenmeli

 


                                                                                                                                                                                        

2/ Ornek 2: Boston Consulting Group Modeli                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Iki objektif olcut kullanilir                                                                                                                                                                       

1/ Pazarin Gelisme hizi                                                                                                                                                                         

2/ Sirket Nisbi Pazar payi                                                                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                                                                                                        

21/ Pazarin gelisme hizi hesaplanisi                                                                                                                                 

Istatistik verileri ve Ongoru hesaplamalari birlestirilir                                                                                                                                                 

                                                                                                                                                                                        

22/ Sirket Nisbi Pazar payi hesaplanisi                                                                                                                             

Sirketin kendi Pazar payi ile en buyuk rakibinin Pazar payi bolunur                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Sirketin kendi Pazar payi

a

30%

10%

En buyuk rakibinin Pazar payi

b

20%

40%

Sirketin Nisbi Pazar payi hesaplanisi

a/b

1,50

0,25

                                                                                                                                                                                        

23/ Matris hazirlanmasi                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                        

On bilgiler                                                                                                                                                                         

x= Sirket Pazar payi                                                                                                                                                                              

y= Pazarin Gelisme hizi                                                                                                                                                                        

                                                                                                                                                                                        

X degerleri

Y degerleri

min= 0

Min= Eksi degerler olabilir

max=100

Max= Yuzun uzerine cikabilir

ortasi=1

orta= Keyfi olarak belirlenebilir ornek 10%

veya GSMH gelisme hizi olcu olarak alinabilir

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Matris uzerine her urun/Pazar  ikilemi yerlestirilir                                                                                                                                                      

Her urun matris uzerinde bir cember ile ifade edilir. Her cemberin alani urunun gerceklestirdigi satis hasilati ile orantilidir                                                                                                                                                                                                            

                                                                                                                                                                                        

24/ Matrisin 4 bolgeye bolunmesi                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                        

Her bir bolgenin ismi var, bu isimler urunlerin bulunduklari hale verilen isimlerdir.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                        

 

                                                                                 PazarPayi

Gelisme hizi

Dusuk pay

Yuksek pay

Dusuk hiz

Dead Weight= Olu agirlik

Milk Cow=Sagmal Inek

Yuksek hiz

Dilemma = Ikilem

Star= Yildiz

 


                                                                                                                                                                                        

Bolge isimlerinin aciklamasi                                                                                                                                                                  

 

Sirket Pazar Payi

Pazar gelisme hizi

Ek degerlendirme

Olu agirlik

Sirketin rekabet gucu cok dusuk

Fiyatlar acisindan cok buyuk rekabet mevcut

Sirketin teknolojik gelismisligi durumu degistirebilir

Sirketin uzmanlasma derecesi verileri degistirir

Yonetimin gelismisligi verileri etkiler

Ikilem

Sirket rekabet gucunu artirabilmek icin cok buyuk yatirimlara girmeli

Satis potansiyeli cok yuksek

Sirketin teknolojik gelismisligi durumu degistirebilir

Sirketin uzmanlasma derecesi verileri degistirir

Yonetimin gelismisligi verileri etkiler

Yildiz

Sirket rekabet gucunu artirabilmek icin cok buyuk yatirimlara girmeli

Gelir etme sansi cok yuksek

Ek degerlendirme Yok

Sagmal Inek

Sirketin pazardaki hakimiyeti sirkete buyuk avantajlar sagliyor.Kisa vadede cok gelir geliyor. Bu urunlerden gelen gelirler Star ve ikilem urunlerinin finansmanina gider

Pazarin dusuk gelisme hizi, sirketin hakimiyetinin devamini saglar. Yatrimlara gerek yoktur

Ek degerlendirme Yok

                                                                                                                                                                                                 

Not bu degerlendirmeler sirketin gecmisten bugune kadar olan halini icerir. Gelecege yonelik degerlendirmeler icin ek bir dereceleme kullanilacaktir (Ornegin urun hayat cizgisi ve ongoru ile birlestirilebilir.                                                                                                                                          

                                                                                                                                          


                                                                                                                                                                                                 

3/ Mc Kinsey veya General Electric Modeli                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                                                 

Iki objektif olcut kullanilir                                                                                                                                                                                    

-        Sirketin Rekabet gucu

-        Pazarin cekiciligi                                                                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                                                                                                                                 

Her iki olcut Guclu, Orta, Zayif olarak uce ayrilir                                                                                                                                                                           

                                                                                                                                                                                                 

31/ Pazarin cekiciliginin hesaplanmasi                                                                                                                                             

                                                                                                                                                                                                  

X Urunu

Guclu

Orta

Zayif

dereceleme (Coefficient multiplicateur)

a

3

2

1

Pazarin bugunku hacmi

 

x

 

Pazarin buyume hizi

x

 

 

Ortalama urun basina kar orani

x

 

 

Teknolojik buluslarin olasiligi

 

 

x

Pazara girmek icin gereken yatirimlarin buyukluk derecesi (Guclu= az yatirim)

 

 

x

Pazarda tutunmak icin gereken yatirimlarin buyukluk derecesi (Guclu= az yatirim)

 

 

x

Toplam

b

2

1

3

Ara toplam

c=b*a

6

2

3

Genel dereceleme

c1+c2+c3

11

 

 

Guclu

Orta

Zayif

en yuksek olasi sayi

6

0

0

Orta

0

6

0

en zayif olasi sayi

0

0

6

Toplam

18

12

6

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

Degerlendirme Tablosu

en yuksek

18

15

arasi

orta

14

9

arasi

Zayif

8

6

arasi

                                                                                                                                                                                            

Pazarin Cekiciligi Sonucu

orta

 


                                                                                                                                                                                            

32/ Sirketin Potansiyel rekabet gucu                                                                                                                                              

                                                                                                                                                                                             

X Urunu

Guclu

Orta

Zayif

dereceleme (Coefficient multiplicateur)

a

3

2

1

Sirketin simdiki Pazar payi (yuksek pay=3)

x

 

 

Gereken Finansal olanaklar (var=3)

x

 

 

Gereken Teknolojik olanaklar (var=3)

x

 

 

Gereken Istihdam olanaklari (var=3)

 

x

 

Kar getirisi (yuksek kar=3)

 

x

 

Urunun kalitesi (kaliteli urun=3)

x

 

 

Uunun orijinallik derecesi (orijinal=3)

x

 

 

Urun imaji (iyi imaj=3)

x

 

 

Urunun taninmisligi (taninmis=3)

 

 

x

Urun ile alakali olarak dagiticilar ile iliskiler (iyi iliskiler=3)

x

 

 

Urun ile alakali olarak Tavsiye ediciler ile iliskiler

x

 

 

Urun ile alakali olarak simdiki kullanicilar ile iliskiler

x

 

 

Urun ile alakali olarak potansiyel kullanicilar ile iliskiler

 

 

x

Toplam

b

9

2

2

Ara toplam

c=b*a

27

4

2

Genel dereceleme

c1+c2+c3

33

 

                                                                                                                                                                                            

X Urunu

Guclu

Orta

Zayif

en yuksek olasi sayi

13

0

0

Orta

0

13

0

en zayif olasi sayi

0

0

13

Toplam

39

26

13

 

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

Degerlendirme Tablosu

en yuksek

39

33

arasi

orta

32

20

arasi

Zayif

19

13

arasi

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

Sirketin Potansiyel rekabet gucu Sonucu

en yuksek

 

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